"Everybody
just standing round 'neath the tree shooting pigeons on the limb,
But
when Quinn the Eskimo gets here, them pigeons will go to him."
- The Mighty Quinn, by Bob Dylan, 1967
A thousand
and one bearish pundits have been leaping on the staggering bull
of the housing market. Even the presidential candidates are on
the sidelines, wondering how to place their bets.
The bull
rises to shake them off, nostrils flaring. The infusion of hundreds
of billions by the world's central banks lubricates its joints.
This is what
taxpayers must want, for the world central banks to be commanding
liquidity and the printing presses forward, faster, harder. It
is a great bull that can summon such resources.
But is there
a plan? Is there an end in sight? Is there a candidate to be president
who can seize the moment?
Losses in
hedge funds and investment banks around the world dwarf the last
great financial debacle, nearly a decade ago, when Wall Street
and the Federal Reserve came to the multi-billion dollar rescue
of one of their own, Long Term Capital Management.
It
is a seeming paradox: how federal
regulators are fanning across Wall Street
like NIH teams sniffing for bird flu,
while financial executives egg on the bull:
"confidence is returning to credit markets"
The news
is filled with investment banks and mortgage firms announcing
big layoffs. Still it will take months even quarters for the extent
of damage to world debt markets to reveal, with so much investment
tied up in hedge funds and private equity opaque even to investors.
It is a seeming
paradox: how federal regulators are fanning across Wall Street
like NIH teams sniffing for bird flu, while financial executives
egg on the bull: "confidence is returning to credit markets".
What else
could they say and who would listen, given that fellow citizens
never cared much about tomorrow so long as their gas tanks can
be filled at a reasonable cost today. That is what the presidential
candidates know to be true.
But this
is what I know to be even more true.
For a decade,
the state of Florida has been sniffing glue from the paper bag
of the multi-billion dollar construction and development industry.
This is not hyperbole.
From the
governor's mansion to the state legislature, straight down to
the scurrying and scratching of local city and county commissions,
the thrall of the bubble in Florida has most people and media
casting a wistful glance backwards in time.
This
is how the confused dream of
compassionate conservatism - exemplified
by former Governor Jeb Bush - played out:
that the best way to "protect" the
environment is through economic growth
and stifling dissent by the way. So it is
no surprise that Florida is hip-deep
in red algae washed ashore, furious
environmentalists, and the dominant concern
of the Chamber of Commerce is; can't we
just get the machines, and the graders,
and the nail guns going again?
No, we can't. Not until there is a discussion
about what forms of economic growth
can sustain and nurture a democracy
that is wobbling on its knees.
Meanwhile,
the Everglades and tens of thousands of acres of wetlands and
billions of dollars in coastal real estate have turned forever
pale. Aquifers are so depleted in sandy parts of the state that
the local growth industry is sinkhole insurance.
This is how
the confused dream of compassionate conservatism - exemplified
by former Governor Jeb Bush - played out: that the best way to
"protect" the environment is through economic growth and stifling
dissent by the way. So
it is no surprise that Florida is hip-deep in red algae washed
ashore, furious environmentalists, and the dominant concern of
the Chamber of Commerce is; can't we just get the machines, and
the graders, and the nail guns going again?
No, we can't.
Not until there is a discussion about what forms of economic growth
can sustain and nurture a democracy that is wobbling on its knees.
Of
course Americans are so conditioned to passivity bred by the triumph
of the inconsequential that accountability has more or less disappeared
as an anchor for democracy.
But nothing
hurts like a recession or worse. Now is the time for dissent.
Incipient
anger is rising in the United States, but the deep stresses underlying
the world's largest economy, transformed by the force of globalization,
remain poorly observed.
Here is the
simple version: as jobs and manufacturing poured from the American
heartland to low-labor cost nations like the tide ebbing at the
Bay of Fundy. (click
here, for a visual representation.) The US economy became
increasingly reliant on growth generated by housing and construction:
a stool built on two legs.
This was
the genius of the Republican gains in Congress and control of
the White House: the growth machine provided political contributions
through the funnel of construction and development, primed by
historic low interest rates of the Federal Reserve and marginal,
ineffective supervision of lending practices and financial derivatives.
What's
wrong is that the federal
government allowed financial institutions
to spin without friction solid assets
into a confection of liabilities so complicated,
so vast, so difficult to unwind, that
world credit markets are in a "coalition of the
willing" whether they want to be, or, not.
Critics of
this point of view argue that the dispersion of risk, through
derivatives, is a net good to society, making global economies
safer: that is only true if risk is clearly priced. But there
are so many external costs of growth - like carbon emissions -
that are not included in pricing risk, that even if financial
derivatives were clearly packaged, the underlying models still
won't work.
Others argue
that technology and productivity gains represent important fuel
for economic growth: the third leg of the US economic stool.
But technology
gains serve the American consumer whose purchases are determined,
mostly, by preferences in housing and construction.
The epitome
of these preferences, suburban sprawl, is described by advocates
as "what the market wants". Clearly, humans were not created to
live in zero lot line subdivisions: suburban sprawl is what the
market can easily finance, not what the market wants.
Patterns
of construction and development in the US act in the same way
as chutes for cattle: steering, herding, moving Americans into
strip malls, platted cul de sacs, and cities serving the purposes
of automobile executives and not ordinary people who haven't been
blessed by sales training programs, seminars, and other techniques
to market features as benefits and wants as needs.
In this sense,
the gains to the economy from technology and productivity represent
a better-designed chute.
That the
two-legged stool has been sold as a three-legged stool is no less
remarkable than the conversion of an ordinary mortgage by Wall
Street bankers and fresh-faced MBA graduates into structured financial
derivatives worth ten or a hundred times the original value.
If
the credit derivative problems are contained
to homeownership - and that's emerging
to be a big 'if '- who is really of consequence
are America's paper millionaires,
numbering according to Marketwatch in 2005,
8.9 million people. Many of these
paper millionaires are readers, wondering
if they have bitten off in housing expense
more than they can chew.
Democratic
and Republican candidates to be president might be vaguely or
even acutely aware that the crisis in the nation's housing markets
has something to do with billion dollar bonuses garnered by Wall
Street executives goading armies of lawyers, consultants, and
engineers; teams that conjured an ocean of debt from the hard
labor of American homeowners and workers, not to mention unions
largely oblivious, as unions are to any other way of doing business.
"An unstoppable
force!" is what Jeb's former campaign finance chief, Al Hoffman,
called the growth machine to the Washington Post in 2003.
And even
though the engine of growth in Florida is sputtering as elsewhere,
even though Al Hoffman is ensconced in a sinecure ambassadorship
in Portugal, even though Hoffman's company, WCI Communities, staggered
into an agreement earlier this week with corporate raider, Carl
Icahn, even though another sinecure ambassador, from the era of
George HW Bush, Charles E Cobb Jr., is vice-chairman at WCI; no
one became king, recently, by arguing as prince that something
is rotten in the heart of Denmark.
And so, let
dissent help interpret what is happening in world financial markets.
Firstly,
understand that attributing the world-wide credit debacle to lowest
quality home mortgagees, represented as "subprime", is a red herring.
If the credit
derivative problems are contained to homeownership - and that's
emerging to be a big 'if '- who is really of consequence are America's
paper millionaires, numbering according to Marketwatch in 2005,
8.9 million people. Many of these paper millionaires are readers,
wondering if they have bitten off in housing expense more than
they can chew.
Since
so much of the American economy
is wrapped up in housing and construction,
whether these paper millionaires are
valuing their holdings as real estate wealth
or stocks of companies like Home Depot
or Countrywide Financial or Thornburgh
Mortgage: the pain of the paper millionaires
has yet to be accounted for
in the presidential campaign.
Since so
much of the American economy is wrapped up in housing and construction,
whether these paper millionaires are valuing their holdings as
real estate wealth or stocks of companies like Home Depot or Countrywide
Financial or Thornburgh Mortgage: the pain of the paper millionaires
has yet to be accounted for in the presidential campaign.
Secondly,
be sure in the knowledge that the reading public is only getting
half the story as world-wide financial markets pulse with uncertainty.
We know as
much about what is going on today in consideration of the risk
to the global financial system as the public knew about Jekyll
Island in 1910 or Quinn the Eskimo in 1967.
The problem
of financial derivatives is a lot like taking several origami
models made of paper, unfolding them, laying them on a single
plane, cutting them into four squares, shuffling them, and asking
teams of lawyers to put them back in their original shapes as
cranes or butterflies.
Wall Street
appears to believe that lowering the key interest rate of the
Federal Reserve is a better task. It certainly is an easier one.
What's wrong
is that the federal government allowed financial institutions
to spin without friction solid assets into a confection of liabilities
so complicated, so vast, so difficult to unwind, that world credit
markets are in a "coalition of the willing" whether they want
to be, or, not.
The world's
biggest sumps for excess liquidity - China and oil producing nations
- are struggling to keep their own demons in check.
That a Fed
interest rate cut, or even a series of cuts, could lure the American
consumer from his or her home into more debt - or help to elect
the next president of the United States - makes very little sense.
Note:
Alan Farago of Coral Gables, who writes about the environment
and the politics of South Florida, can be reached at alanfarago@yahoo.com.
Visit his site at alanfarago.wordpress.com.